Don't underestimate mosquito bites, especially in high-risk areas. Understanding the rare but potentially fatal Murray Valley Encephalitis virus is your best defense against this serious neurological disease. Know the risks before you travel.
What are the main causes of Murray Valley Encephalitis?
- The disease is caused by the Murray Valley Encephalitis virus (MVEV), which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Culex annulirostris mosquito.
- The virus primarily circulates between water birds, like herons, and mosquitoes; humans become infected when a mosquito that has fed on an infected bird bites them.
- Murray Valley Encephalitis is not contagious from person to person, meaning you cannot catch it directly from someone who is already sick with the disease.
Key symptoms of Murray Valley Encephalitis to watch for
- Initial symptoms are often non-specific, including fever, severe headache, nausea, and vomiting, which can make early diagnosis challenging without specific medical tests.
- As the infection progresses to the brain, severe symptoms like intense headache, neck stiffness, confusion, seizures, and increasing drowsiness can rapidly develop.
- Severe cases can lead to permanent neurological damage, resulting in long-term effects such as paralysis, developmental delays, movement disorders, or even death.
How can you prevent Murray Valley Encephalitis effectively?
- The most effective prevention is avoiding mosquito bites by using an insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus on exposed skin.
- Wear long, loose-fitting, and light-colored clothing to cover up, and try to limit outdoor activity during dusk and dawn when mosquitoes are most active.
- Eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites by removing any standing water from containers around your home, especially after rainfall or during a known outbreak.
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Image of the disease Murray Valley Encephalitis
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There is no specific treatment for Murray Valley Encephalitis, so prevention is paramount. If you develop symptoms after visiting an endemic area, seek immediate medical attention for diagnosis and supportive care.
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