Human immunodeficiency virus - PrEP and prevention

Learn about Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a virus that attacks the immune system. Understand its causes, symptoms, and key prevention strategies.

6 September, 2025

Don't let myths about HIV cloud your understanding. Knowledge is power, and knowing the facts is your best tool for prevention and health. This essential guide clarifies the causes, symptoms, and crucial steps you can take to protect yourself and others from this virus.

What are the main causes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)?

HIV is primarily transmitted through specific bodily fluids, including blood, semen, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk from an infected person.
The most common modes of transmission are unprotected sexual contact and sharing injection drug equipment like needles with someone who has HIV.
The virus can also be passed from an infected mother to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, though treatment can prevent this.

Recognizing the most common HIV symptoms

Key symptoms of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to watch for

Within 2 to 4 weeks after infection, many people experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, rash, sore throat, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes.
After the initial stage, HIV often enters a long period without symptoms, even as the virus continues to damage the immune system silently.
As the immune system weakens, late-stage symptoms can include rapid weight loss, recurring fever, extreme tiredness, and various opportunistic infections.

How can you prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) effectively?

Consistently using condoms during sexual activity is highly effective at preventing the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
Never share needles or other injection equipment, and consider using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), a daily medicine that can reduce your risk.
Getting tested for HIV regularly is crucial, as knowing your status allows you to take steps to stay healthy and protect your partners.

>>> Read more here: Hepatitis B: Transmission, Symptoms, and Vaccine Info

Image of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

The role of ARV drugs in managing HIV

Modern advancements in HIV treatment

The importance of a confidential HIV test

Understanding how HIV is transmitted

Key strategies for effective HIV/AIDS prevention

The current status of research on if HIV can be cured

Identifying the signs of early stage HIV

Thriving while living with HIV

>>> Discover more: Hepatitis C: An Overview of Diagnosis and Treatment

Staying informed about HIV is vital for your health and the well-being of the community. Prevention is key, and early detection saves lives. Talk to a healthcare provider about testing and prevention options that are right for you to take control of your health.

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