Congenital heart disease - Early signs parents should know

A congenital heart defect diagnosis can feel overwhelming. This guide provides clear, essential information on the causes, symptoms, and treatments, empowering you to understand the condition and take control of your or your child's health journey.

What are the main causes of Congenital Heart Disease?

• The exact cause is often unknown, but it occurs when the heart or nearby blood vessels fail to develop normally in the womb before birth.
• Certain genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome, or having a close family member with a heart defect can significantly increase an individual's risk.
• Factors during pregnancy like unmanaged maternal diabetes, certain infections like rubella, or taking specific medications can also contribute to its development in the fetus.

Key symptoms of Congenital Heart Disease to watch for

• In infants, key congenital heart disease symptoms may include a bluish tint to the skin (cyanosis), rapid breathing, poor feeding, and difficulty gaining weight.
• For older children and in cases of congenital heart disease in adults, signs often include getting tired easily, shortness of breath, and swelling.
• A heart murmur, which is an unusual sound heard between heartbeats, is often the first sign of a defect detected by a doctor during an examination.

How can you prevent Congenital Heart Disease effectively?

• While most cases cannot be prevented, managing chronic medical conditions like diabetes before and during pregnancy can help lower the risk of having a child with a defect.
• It is crucial to avoid harmful substances like alcohol and certain medications during pregnancy; always consult a doctor before taking any drug.
• Getting vaccinated against infections like rubella (German measles) before trying to conceive can prevent a known cause of congenital heart defects in newborns.

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Image of the disease Congenital Heart Disease 

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From an atrial septal defect (ASD) to the more complex Tetralogy of Fallot, early diagnosis and advanced CHD treatment have transformed outcomes. Lifelong monitoring is key, ensuring a healthier future for all patients.

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